Complex Numbers - Geometric Representation

• A simple quadratic equation x² + 1 = 0 has no solution in the set of real numbers. The solution of such equations fall into the set of complex numbers(C).
• The solutions of the above equation are given by x² = -1
• This implies x = ± √-1. The positive square root of -1 is represented by i
• For any two real numbers x and y , we can form a new number x + iy. This number is called complex number.
• A complex number is denoted by a single letter z. In a complex number         z = x + iy , x is called Real Part Re(z) and y is called Imaginary Part Im(z).
• Every complex number x + iy can be represented geometrically as a unique point P(x,y) in the xy plane.
• X-axis is called the real axis (Re) and Y-axis is called the imaginary axis (Im).
• The plane having a complex number assigned to each of its points is called the complex plane. This representation of complex numbers as points in the plane is known as argand diagram

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